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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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algeria.4
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Economy
Overview: The exploitation of oil and natural gas products
forms the backbone of the economy. Algeria depends on hydrocarbons
for nearly all of its export receipts, about 30% of government
revenues, and nearly 25% of GDP. In 1973-74 the sharp increase
in oil prices led to a booming economy that helped to finance
an ambitious program of industrialization. Plunging oil
and gas prices, combined with the mismanagement of Algeria's
highly centralized economy, have brought the nation to its
most serious social and economic crisis since independence.
The government has promised far-reaching reforms, including
giving public sector companies more autonomy, encouraging
private-sector activity, boosting gas and nonhydrocarbon
exports, and a major overhaul of the banking and financial
systems. In 1988 the government started to implement a new
economic policy to dismantle large state farms into privately
operated units.
GDP: $54.1 billion, per capita $2,235; real growth rate -1.8% (1988).
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5.9% (1988).
Unemployment rate: 19% (1988).
Budget: revenues $17.4 billion; expenditures $22.0 billion,
including capital expenditures of $8.0 billion (1988).
Exports: $9.1 billion (f.o.b., 1989 est.); commodities--petroleum
and natural gas 98%; partners--Netherlands, Czechoslovakia,
Romania, Italy, France, US.
Imports: $7.8 billion (f.o.b., 1989 est.); commodities--capital
goods 35%, consumer goods 36%, food 20%; partners--France
25%, Italy 8%, FRG 8%, US 6-7%.
External debt: $26.2 billion (December 1989).
Industrial production: growth rate 5.4% (1986).
Electricity: 4,333,000 kW capacity; 14,370 million kWh produced,
580 kWh per capita (1989).
Industries: petroleum, light industries, natural gas, mining,
electrical, petrochemical, food processing.
Agriculture: accounts for 8% of GDP and employs 24% of labor
force; net importer of food--grain, vegetable oil, and sugar;
farm production includes wheat, barley, oats, grapes, olives,
citrus, fruits, sheep, and cattle.
Aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-85), $1.4 billion;
Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1970-87), $8.2 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $1.8
billion; Communist countries (1970-88), $2.7 billion.
Currency: Algerian dinar (plural--dinars); 1 Algerian dinar
(DA) = 100 centimes.
Exchange rates: Algerian dinars (DA) per US$1--8.0086 (January
1990), 7.6086 (1989), 5.9148 (1988), 4.8497 (1987), 4.7023
(1986), 5.0278 (1985).
Fiscal year: calendar year.